Gotland, Sweden’s largest island, is a treasure trove of history, from its medieval towns and ancient ruins to its Viking heritage and stunning natural landscapes. Whether you’re wandering through the cobbled streets of Visby or exploring remote ruins hidden in the countryside, Gotland offers a unique glimpse into the past. If you’re a history lover or just someone looking to experience the island’s rich culture, here’s how to see Gotland’s historic sites and make the most of your visit.
1. Begin Your Journey in Visby: A Medieval Masterpiece
The best place to start your exploration of Gotland’s history is in Visby, the island’s capital and a UNESCO World Heritage site. This medieval town is incredibly well-preserved, with its iconic Visby City Wall standing tall and protecting the old town. The wall, built in the 13th century, is one of the most significant historical landmarks in Sweden and offers a fascinating look into medieval fortifications.
Visby City Wall
Take a walk around the city wall to admire its towers, gates, and the stunning views over the Baltic Sea. Along the way, you’ll pass by St. Mary’s Cathedral, which dates back to the 12th century and is still in use today. The town’s cobbled streets, lined with medieval houses, invite you to wander and soak in the history.
The Ruins of Visby
Visby is also famous for its medieval church ruins. One of the most striking is St. Karin’s Church, located right in the heart of the town square. Built by Franciscan monks in the 13th century, the impressive arches and walls are still standing, making it a must-visit. Other notable ruins include St. Nicolai’s Church and St. Lars’ Church, each with their own unique stories to tell.
2. Explore Gotland’s Viking Heritage
Gotland has a rich Viking history, and you can still see traces of this period all over the island. Visiting the island’s Viking sites will give you a sense of what life was like during this fascinating era.
Tjelvar’s Grave
Located in Lärbro, on Gotland’s northern coast, Tjelvar’s Grave is one of the island’s most significant Viking burial sites. According to local legend, Tjelvar was the first man to bring fire to Gotland. The grave is a large stone circle, typical of Viking burial mounds, and is surrounded by beautiful countryside. It’s a peaceful place to explore and reflect on the island’s ancient past.
Asundens Skeppssättningar
Near the town of Ljugarn, you’ll find the Asundens Skeppssättningar, a Viking stone ship burial. These stones, arranged in the shape of a ship, were used to mark the graves of important individuals. It’s a fascinating site and a reminder of Gotland’s seafaring history during the Viking Age.
3. Visit Gotland’s Medieval Churches
Gotland is home to over 90 medieval churches, many of which are beautifully preserved and open to visitors. These churches, built between the 12th and 13th centuries, are not only architectural masterpieces but also offer a glimpse into Gotland’s religious and cultural history.
St. Maria’s Church (Visby Cathedral)
Start with St. Maria’s Church in Visby, which is the island’s only active medieval cathedral. Built in the late 12th century, the church has undergone many restorations but retains much of its original Gothic charm. It’s a peaceful spot to visit, with beautiful stained glass windows and a serene interior.
Gammelgarn Church
Further afield, Gammelgarn Church on the eastern side of the island is known for its unique architecture and beautiful frescoes. The church was built in the 13th century and is one of the most picturesque on Gotland. Its quiet location makes it a lovely spot for a peaceful visit.
4. Discover Gotland’s Ancient Ruins and Hillforts
Gotland’s landscape is dotted with ancient ruins and hillforts, offering a different perspective on the island’s history.
Torsburgen
One of the largest hillforts in Sweden, Torsburgen is a fascinating site to explore. Located on a high plateau in eastern Gotland, the fort dates back to the Iron Age and was once a refuge for the local population during times of conflict. Although the fort itself is now mostly overgrown, the panoramic views from the top are worth the trip, and the surrounding nature reserve is perfect for hiking.
Gnisvärd Stone Ship
Just outside Visby, in the small village of Gnisvärd, you’ll find one of Gotland’s best-preserved Viking stone ships. This ancient burial site is surrounded by smaller graves, giving visitors a sense of the island’s prehistoric past. It’s a quiet and atmospheric spot, perfect for a brief stop while exploring the island’s west coast.
5. Take a Day Trip to Stora Karlsö
For a truly unique historical experience, consider taking a day trip to Stora Karlsö, a small island just off the coast of Gotland. Stora Karlsö is one of the oldest nature reserves in the world, but it’s also rich in history, with ancient burial sites, ruins, and a medieval lighthouse to explore.
The island is famous for its dramatic cliffs and birdlife, but history enthusiasts will love exploring the Viking graves and medieval stone buildings that dot the landscape. Guided tours are available, giving you a deeper insight into the island’s historical significance.
6. Explore Gotland’s Local Museums
Gotland’s history is well-preserved in its local museums, making them an excellent addition to your itinerary.
Gotlands Museum
Located in Visby, the Gotlands Museum is a must-visit for anyone interested in the island’s history. The museum houses an impressive collection of Viking artefacts, medieval items, and artwork. One of the highlights is the Spillings Hoard, the largest Viking silver treasure ever found. The museum is also a great place to learn about Gotland’s unique geological history.
Bungemuseet
For a glimpse into Gotland’s rural past, visit Bungemuseet, an open-air museum that showcases traditional Gotlandic farmhouses, windmills, and cottages. The museum gives visitors a feel for what life was like on the island centuries ago, with displays of old farming tools, furniture, and household items.
7. Combine History with Nature
One of the best things about exploring Gotland’s historic sites is that many are set in stunning natural locations. You can easily combine a day of history with hiking, cycling, or beach visits. Many of the churches, ruins, and Viking sites are near beautiful coastal paths or scenic countryside, allowing you to enjoy Gotland’s landscapes while uncovering its past.
For example, after visiting the stone ship in Gnisvärd, you can head to the nearby beach for a relaxing break. Or, after exploring Torsburgen, take a hike through the surrounding nature reserve, which is home to rare plant species and offers breathtaking views.
Conclusion: Step Back in Time on Gotland
Gotland is an island where history is woven into every corner of the landscape. From Viking burial sites to medieval churches, the island offers a rich tapestry of historical treasures waiting to be explored. Whether you’re wandering through Visby’s medieval streets or discovering ancient ruins in the countryside, you’ll feel as though you’ve stepped back in time. So grab a map, plan your route, and get ready to uncover the fascinating history of Gotland.
FAQs
How many historic sites are there on Gotland?
Gotland is home to a wealth of historic sites, including more than 90 medieval churches, Viking burial sites, and ancient ruins.
What’s the best way to explore Gotland’s historic sites?
Renting a car or bike is the best way to explore, as many of the sites are scattered across the island’s countryside and coast.
Are guided tours available for Gotland’s historic sites?
Yes, many sites offer guided tours, especially in the summer months, including Visby’s medieval town and Stora Karlsö.
Do I need to pay to visit Gotland’s historic sites?
Most of Gotland’s historic sites, including the medieval churches and Viking burial sites, are free to visit, though some may request small donations for upkeep.
When is the best time to visit Gotland’s historic sites?
The best time to visit is between late spring and early autumn (May to September) when the weather is mild, and many of the sites are open to the public.